my_string = "Intensity Coding"
print(my_string)

# Using triple quotes to define a multi-line string
multi_line_str = """This is a long string that spans
multiple lines and includes special characters like
TAB (\t) and NEWLINEs (\n) which appear as they are."""
print(multi_line_str)

# Normal string with escape characters
print('C:\\nowhere')  # Output: C:\nowhere

# Raw string to ignore escape sequences
print(r'C:\\nowhere')  # Output: C:\\nowhere

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
first_char = my_string[0]  # Access the first character (index 0)
print(first_char)  # Output: 'I'

third_char = my_string[2]  # Access the third character (index 2)
print(third_char)  # Output: 't'

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
last_char = my_string[-1]  # Access the last character
print(last_char)  # Output: 'g'

second_last_char = my_string[-2]  # Access the second-to-last character
print(second_last_char)  # Output: 'n'

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
substring = my_string[2:5]  # Get characters from index 2 to 4 (exclusive)
print(substring)  # Output: 'ten'

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
print(my_string[:4])

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
print(my_string[2:])

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
print(my_string[-5:-2])

# Merge variable first_name with variable last_name into variable full_name:
first_name = "John"
last_name = "Doe"
full_name = first_name + last_name  # 'JohnDoe'
print(full_name)

# #To add a space between them, add a " ":
first_name = "John"
last_name = "Doe"
full_name = first_name + " " + last_name  # 'John Doe'
print(full_name)

str1 = "Python "
result = str1 * 3  # Result: "Python Python Python "
print(result)

my_string = "Intensity Coding"
for char in my_string:
    print(char)

a = "Intensity Coding" # it is also include blank space
print(len(a))

str = "Intensity Coding"
print("Max character: " + max(str))

str = "IntensityCoding"
print("Min character: " + min(str))

text = "Intensity Coding"
character_to_check = "o"

if character_to_check in text:
    print(f"The character '{character_to_check}' exists in the string.")
else:
    print(f"The character '{character_to_check}' does not exist in the string.")

txt = "Python is easy to learn."
print("easy" in txt)

text = "Intensity Coding"
character_to_check = "z"

if character_to_check not in text:
    print(f"The character '{character_to_check}' does not exist in the string.")
else:
    print(f"The character '{character_to_check}' exists in the string.")

txt = "Python is easy to learn."
print("good" not in txt)

txt = 'It\'s beautiful.'
print(txt)

txt = "This is a backslash: \\"
print(txt)

txt = "Hello\nWorld!"
print(txt)

txt = "Hello\rWorld!"
print(txt)

txt = "Hello \bWorld!"
print(txt)

txt = "\110\145\154\154\157"
print(txt)

txt = "\x48\x65\x6c\x6c\x6f"
print(txt)

# Basic String Formatting using % Operator
print("The %s is a powerful method for %s!" % ("intensity coding", "Python programming"))
# Output: "The intensity coding is a powerful method for Python programming!"

# Injecting Multiple Strings
action = "explored"
print("She %s and %s new concepts daily!" % ("learned", action))
# Output: "She learned and explored new concepts daily!"

# Formatting Floating-Point Numbers (Precision Handling)
pi_value = 3.141592
print("The value of pi rounded to 4 decimal places: %5.4f" % pi_value)
# Output: "The value of pi rounded to 4 decimal places: 3.1416"

# Formatting Multiple Data Types
variable = 42
formatted_string = "Variable as integer = %d \nVariable as float = %f" % (variable, variable)
print(formatted_string)
# Output:
# Variable as integer = 42
# Variable as float = 42.000000

# Combining String and Number Formatting
score = 98.75
print("Your final score in %s is: %6.2f" % ("intensity coding", score))
# Output: "Your final score in intensity coding is:  98.75"

# Basic String Formatting using format()
print("The {} method is essential in {}.".format("format()", "intensity coding"))
# Output: "The format() method is essential in intensity coding."

# Index-based Insertion
print("{2} {1} {0}".format("coding", "intensity", "Mastering"))
# Output: "Mastering intensity coding"

# Keyword-based Formatting
print("Topic: {topic}, Difficulty: {level}".format(topic="intensity coding", level="Advanced"))
# Output: "Topic: intensity coding, Difficulty: Advanced"

# Reusing Inserted Objects
print("The first {p} was good, but the {p} {p} was tough.".format(p="lesson"))
# Output: "The first lesson was good, but the lesson lesson was tough."

# Floating-Point Precision
pi_value = 3.141592
print("Pi value rounded to 4 decimal places: {:.4f}".format(pi_value))
# Output: "Pi value rounded to 4 decimal places: 3.1416"

# Formatting Different Data Types
num = 42
binary = "{:b}".format(num)
octal = "{:o}".format(num)
hexadecimal = "{:x}".format(num)

print("Binary: {}, Octal: {}, Hex: {}".format(binary, octal, hexadecimal))
# Output: "Binary: 101010, Octal: 52, Hex: 2a"

# Combining String and Number Formatting
score = 95.6789
print("Your final score in {} is: {:6.2f}".format("intensity coding", score))
# Output: "Your final score in intensity coding is:  95.68"

# Basic f-string Usage
topic = "intensity coding"
print(f"Learning {topic} improves problem-solving skills.")
# Output: "Learning intensity coding improves problem-solving skills."

# Arithmetic Operations in f-strings
a, b = 5, 10
print(f"The total difficulty score of {a} and {b} is {2 * (a + b)}.")
# Output: "The total difficulty score of 5 and 10 is 30."

# Using Functions inside f-strings
def coding_hours(level):
    return level * 2

level = 5
print(f"To master {topic}, you need {coding_hours(level)} hours of practice.")
# Output: "To master intensity coding, you need 10 hours of practice."

# Lambda Expressions in f-strings
print(f"Complexity level doubled: {(lambda x: x*2)(3)}")
# Output: "Complexity level doubled: 6"

# Floating-Point Precision
pi_value = 3.141592
print(f"Pi value rounded to 4 decimal places: {pi_value:.4f}")
# Output: "Pi value rounded to 4 decimal places: 3.1416"

# String Alignment with f-strings
language = "Python"
print(f"|{language:<10}|{language:^10}|{language:>10}|")
# Output:
# |Python    |  Python   |    Python|

# Mixing Data Types
score = 99
print(f"Your final score in {topic} is: {score}!")
# Output: "Your final score in intensity coding is: 99!"

from string import Template

# Using Template Class
template = Template("Welcome to $topic! Let's explore.")
result = template.substitute(topic="intensity coding")
print(result)
# Output: "Welcome to intensity coding! Let's explore."

# Multiple Substitutions
n1 = "intensity"
n2 = "coding"
template = Template("Mastering $n1 $n2 requires consistency.")
print(template.substitute(n1=n1, n2=n2))
# Output: "Mastering intensity coding requires consistency."

# Using Braces to Extend Placeholder
template = Template("Learning ${skill}123 helps in problem-solving.")
print(template.substitute(skill="intensity coding"))
# Output: "Learning intensity coding123 helps in problem-solving."

# Escaping `$` Symbol
template = Template("Price of learning: $$99 for $duration months.")
print(template.substitute(duration=6))
# Output: "Price of learning: $99 for 6 months."

# Handling Missing Values Safely
template = Template("Your next step in $topic is $action.")
print(template.safe_substitute(topic="intensity coding"))
# Output: "Your next step in intensity coding is $action."

# Using Dictionary for Substitution
data = {"subject": "intensity coding", "platform": "Python"}
template = Template("Learn $subject using $platform.")
print(template.substitute(data))
# Output: "Learn intensity coding using Python."

# Centering a string with default space padding
string = "intensity coding"
width = 30

centered = string.center(width)
print(centered)
# Output: "       intensity coding       "

# Using a custom character for padding
centered_with_dash = string.center(width, "-")
print(centered_with_dash)
# Output: "-------intensity coding-------"

# When width is smaller than the string length
small_width = 10
print(string.center(small_width))
# Output: "intensity coding" (No changes)

# Centering an empty string
empty_string = ""
print(empty_string.center(10, "*"))
# Output: "**********" (Only padding)

# Uneven padding (left gets priority)
odd_width = 29
print(string.center(odd_width, "*"))
# Output: "*******intensity coding******"

# Convert the first letter of the string to uppercase:
text = "intensity coding is awesome."
modified_text = text.capitalize()
print(modified_text)  # Output: Intensity coding is awesome.

# Convert the string to lowercase using casefold()

text = "INTENSITY CODING"
result = text.casefold()

print(result)  # Output: intensity coding

# Center align the string with '' as padding
text = "intensity coding"
centered_text = text.center(20)
print(centered_text)  # Output:   intensity coding

# Center align the string with '*' as padding
text = "intensity coding"
centered_text = text.center(30, '*')
print(centered_text)  # Output: *******intensity coding*******

# Count occurrences of 'i' in the string

text = "intensity coding in an intense world"
count_i = text.count("i")

print(count_i)  # Output: 5

# Count occurrences of 'in' between index 5 and 20
count_in = text.count("in", 5, 20)

print(count_in)  # Output: 2

# Encode the string using UTF-8 (default)

text = "intensity cødïng"
encoded_text = text.encode()
print(encoded_text)  # Output: b'intensity c\xc3\xb8d\xc3\xafng'

# Encode using ASCII with different error handling methods
text_special = "intensity cødïng"

print(text_special.encode(encoding="ascii", errors="backslashreplace"))
print(text_special.encode(encoding="ascii", errors="ignore"))
print(text_special.encode(encoding="ascii", errors="namereplace"))
print(text_special.encode(encoding="ascii", errors="replace"))
print(text_special.encode(encoding="ascii", errors="xmlcharrefreplace"))

# Check if the string ends with 'coding'

text = "intensity coding"
result = text.endswith("coding")
print(result)  # Output: True

# Check if the string ends with 'Intensity'
result = text.endswith("Intensity")
print(result)  # Output: False

# Check if a substring from position 5 to 15 ends with 'sity'
result = text.endswith("sity", 5, 15)
print(result)  # Output: False

# Original string with tab characters
text = "i\tn\tt\te\tn\ts\ti\tt\ty"

print(text) # Output:
print(text.expandtabs())
print(text.expandtabs(2))
print(text.expandtabs(4))
print(text.expandtabs(10))

# Original string
text = "intensity coding"

# Find the first occurrence of "coding"
result = text.find("coding")
print(result)  # Output: 10

# Find the first occurrence of "i"
result = text.find("i")
print(result)  # Output: 0

# Find "i" within a range (start at index 5, end at 10)
result = text.find("i", 5, 10)
print(result)  # Output: 6

# If the substring is not found, it returns -1
result = text.find("python")
print(result)  # Output: -1

# Original string
text = "Welcome to {}!"

# Using format() with an empty placeholder
formatted_text = text.format("intensity coding")
print(formatted_text)  # Output: Welcome to intensity coding!

# Using numbered placeholders
formatted_text = "This is {0}, and it is {1}.".format("intensity coding", "awesome")
print(formatted_text)  # Output: This is intensity coding, and it is awesome.

# Using named placeholders
formatted_text = "Welcome to {topic}!".format(topic="intensity coding")
print(formatted_text)  # Output: Welcome to intensity coding!

# Formatting numbers with two decimal places
price = 49
formatted_text = "The price is {:.2f} dollars.".format(price)
print(formatted_text)  # Output: The price is 49.99 dollars.

# Right-align text within a width of 20
formatted_text = "Title: {:>20}".format("intensity coding")
print(formatted_text)  # Output: Title:     intensity coding

# Binary representation of a number
formatted_text = "The binary version of {0} is {0:b}".format(5)
print(formatted_text)  # Output: The binary version of 5 is 101

# Percentage format
formatted_text = "Completion: {:.0%}".format(0.75)
print(formatted_text)  # Output: Completion: 75%

# Using format_map() with a dictionary
data = {"topic": "intensity coding", "type": "learning"}
formatted_text = "Welcome to {topic}, a {type} platform!".format_map(data)
print(formatted_text)  # Output: Welcome to intensity coding, a learning platform!

# Using format_map() with a number
data = {"price": 49.99}
formatted_text = "The price is {price:.3f} dollars.".format_map(data)
print(formatted_text)  # Output: The price is 49.99 dollars.

# Handling missing keys (raises KeyError)
data = {"topic": "intensity coding"}
#formatted_text = "Welcome to {topic}, a {type} platform!".format_map(data)
#print(formatted_text)  # Raises KeyError: 'type'

# Finding the index of a substring
text = "intensity coding"
result = text.index("coding")
print(result)  # Output: 10

# Finding the first occurrence of a character
result = text.index("i")
print(result)  # Output: 0

# Searching within a specific range
result = text.index("i", 2, 12)
print(result)  # Output: 2

# Handling a missing substring (raises ValueError)
# result = text.index("python")  # Raises ValueError: substring not found

# String with only letters and numbers
text = "intensity123"
result = text.isalnum()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with spaces (not alphanumeric)
text = "intensity 123"
result = text.isalnum()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with special characters (not alphanumeric)
text = "intensity@123"
result = text.isalnum()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Empty string check
text = ""
result = text.isalnum()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with only letters
text = "intensity"
result = text.isalpha()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with numbers (not alphabetic)
text = "intensity123"
result = text.isalpha()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with spaces (not alphabetic)
text = "intensity coding"
result = text.isalpha()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with special characters (not alphabetic)
text = "intensity!"
result = text.isalpha()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Empty string check
text = ""
result = text.isalpha()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with only ASCII characters
text = "intensity123"
result = text.isascii()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with spaces (ASCII characters are allowed)
text = "intensity coding"
result = text.isascii()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with an emoji (non-ASCII)
text = "intensity🔥"
result = text.isascii()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with Unicode characters (non-ASCII)
text = "intensityΩ"
result = text.isascii()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Empty string check
text = ""
result = text.isascii()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with only decimal digits
text = "123456"
result = text.isdecimal()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with a non-decimal character
text = "1234a"
result = text.isdecimal()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Unicode decimal characters
a = "\u0030"  # Unicode for '0
result = a.isdecimal()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with only digits
text = "50800"
result = text.isdigit()
print(result)  # Output: True

# Unicode digit characters
a = "\u0030"  # Unicode for '0'
b = "\u00B2"  # Unicode for '²' (superscript 2)
print(a.isdigit())  # Output: True
print(b.isdigit())  # Output: True

# String with a non-digit character
text = "123a"
print(text.isdigit())  # Output: False

# Check if all characters are lowercase
text = "intensity coding"
result = text.islower()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String contains an uppercase letter
text = "Intensity coding"
result = text.islower()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with numbers and symbols
text = "hello 123!"
result = text.islower()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with mixed case letters
text = "mynameisPeter"
result = text.islower()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Check if a string contains only numeric characters
text = "565543"
result = text.isnumeric()
print(result)  # Output: True

# Using Unicode numeric characters
a = "\u0030"  # Unicode for 0
b = "\u00B2"  # Unicode for ² (superscript 2)
print(a.isnumeric())  # Output: True
print(b.isnumeric())  # Output: True

# String with non-numeric characters
c = "10km2"
d = "-1"
e = "1.5"
print(c.isnumeric())  # Output: False (contains 'km')
print(d.isnumeric())  # Output: False (contains '-')
print(e.isnumeric())  # Output: False (contains '.')

# String with only printable characters
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.isprintable()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String containing a newline character
text = "Intensity\nCoding"
result = text.isprintable()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with only spaces
text = "     "
result = text.isspace()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String containing non-whitespace characters
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.isspace()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with spaces and a tab
text = "    \t   "
result = text.isspace()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with spaces and a newline
text = "   \n   "
result = text.isspace()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String containing "Intensity Coding" with spaces
text = "   Intensity Coding   "
result = text.isspace()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Title case string
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: True

# Fully uppercase string
text = "INTENSITY CODING"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Single correctly formatted word
text = "Intensity"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with a number
text = "22 Intensity Coding"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with special characters
text = "This Is %'!?"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: True

# Incorrect title case (one lowercase letter in a word)
text = "Intensity coding"
result = text.istitle()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Fully uppercase string
text = "INTENSITY CODING"
result = text.isupper()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with mixed case
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.isupper()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with numbers and symbols (still uppercase)
text = "INTENSITY 123!@#"
result = text.isupper()
print(result)  # Output: True

# String with lowercase letters
text = "INTENSITY coding"
result = text.isupper()
print(result)  # Output: False

# String with no letters
text = "1234!@#"
result = text.isupper()
print(result)  # Output: False

# Joining a list with a space separator
words = ["Intensity", "Coding"]
result = " ".join(words)
print(result)  # Output: Intensity Coding

# Joining a tuple with a hyphen separator
names = ("John", "Peter", "Vicky")
result = "-".join(names)
print(result)  # Output: John-Peter-Vicky

# Joining dictionary keys with a custom separator
info = {"name": "John", "country": "Norway"}
separator = "TEST"
result = separator.join(info)
print(result)  # Output: nameTESTcountry

# Joining characters with no separator
text = ["I", "n", "t", "e", "n", "s", "i", "t", "y"]
result = "".join(text)
print(result)  # Output: Intensity

# Attempting to join a list with non-string elements (causes error)
numbers = [1, 2, 3]
# result = "-".join(numbers)  # TypeError: sequence item 0: expected str instance, int found

# Left align "Intensity" within 20 spaces (default fill character is space)
text = "Intensity"
result = text.ljust(20)
print(result, "Coding")
# Output: "Intensity           Coding"

# Left align using a custom fill character 'O'
text = "Intensity"
result = text.ljust(20, "O")
print(result)
# Output: "IntensityOOOOOOOOOOO"

# When the specified width is smaller than the string length
text = "Intensity"
result = text.ljust(5)
print(result)
# Output: "Intensity" (unchanged)

# Left align with a different fill character
text = "Coding"
result = text.ljust(15, "-")
print(result)
# Output: "Coding---------"

# Convert text to lowercase
text = "Intensity CODING"
result = text.lower()
print(result)
# Output: intensity coding

# Removing leading spaces
text = "     Intensity Coding     "
result = text.lstrip()
print(f"'{result}'")
# Output: 'Intensity Coding     '

# Removing specified leading characters
text = ",,,,,ssaaww.....Intensity Coding"
result = text.lstrip(",.asw")
print(result)
# Output: 'Intensity Coding'

# Removing specific letters
text = "aaaaaAAAaaathis is string example"
result = text.lstrip("aAth")
print(result)
# Output: 'is is string example

# Replacing a single character
text = "Intensity Coding!"
table = str.maketrans("I", "Y")
print(text.translate(table))
# Output: 'Yntensity Coding!'

# Replacing multiple characters
text = "Intensity Coding!"
x = "ICd"
y = "XYz"
table = str.maketrans(x, y)
print(text.translate(table))
# Output: 'Xntensity Yozing!'

# Replacing and removing characters
text = "Intensity Coding!"
x = "ICd"
y = "XYz"
z = "!"
table = str.maketrans(x, y, z)
print(text.translate(table))
# Output: 'Xntensity Yozing'

# Viewing the translation dictionary
print(str.maketrans(x, y, z))
# Output: {73: 88, 67: 89, 100: 122, 33: None}

# Partitioning a string using a keyword
text = "Intensity Coding is fun!"
result = text.partition("Coding")
print(result)
# Output: ('Intensity ', 'Coding', ' is fun!')

# Partitioning when the keyword is absent
text = "Intensity Coding is fun!"
result = text.partition("Python")
print(result)
# Output: ('Intensity Coding is fun!', '', '')

# Splitting at a space
text = "Intensity Coding is fun!"
result = text.partition(" ")
print(result)
# Output: ('Intensity', ' ', 'Coding is fun!')

# Case-sensitive search
text = "Intensity Coding is fun!"
result = text.partition("coding")
print(result)
# Output: ('Intensity Coding is fun!', '', '')  # "coding" is not the same as "Coding"

# Replace a word in a sentence
text = "Intensity Coding is fun!"
result = text.replace("Coding", "Learning")
print(result)
# Output: "Intensity Learning is fun!"

# Replace all occurrences of a character
text = "Intensity Coding Coding"
result = text.replace("Coding", "AI")
print(result)
# Output: "Intensity AI AI"

# Replace only the first occurrence
text = "Intensity Coding Coding"
result = text.replace("Coding", "AI", 1)
print(result)
# Output: "Intensity AI Coding"

# Case-sensitive replacement
text = "Intensity Coding is different from coding"
result = text.replace("coding", "AI")
print(result)
# Output: "Intensity Coding is different from AI"  # "Coding" remains unchanged

# Find the last occurrence of "Coding"
text = "Intensity Coding is part of Coding."
result = text.rfind("Coding")
print(result)
# Output: 28 (last occurrence of "Coding")

# Find the last occurrence of "e"
text = "Hello, welcome to Intensity Coding!"
result = text.rfind("e")
print(result)
# Output: 21 (last occurrence of "e")

# Find "e" within a specific range
text = "Hello, welcome to Intensity Coding!"
result = text.rfind("e", 5, 15)
print(result)
# Output: 13 (last "e" between index 5 and 15)

# If the substring is not found
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.rfind("Z")
print(result)
# Output: -1 (not found)

# Find the last occurrence of "Coding"
text = "Intensity Coding is part of Coding."
result = text.rindex("Coding")
print(result)
# Output: 28 (last occurrence of "Coding")

# Find the last occurrence of "e"
text = "Hello, welcome to Intensity Coding!"
result = text.rindex("e")
print(result)
# Output: 21 (last occurrence of "e")

# Find "e" within a specific range
text = "Hello, welcome to Intensity Coding!"
result = text.rindex("e", 5, 15)
print(result)
# Output: 13 (last "e" between index 5 and 15)

# If the substring is not found (Raises an Exception)
text = "Intensity Coding"
#result = text.rindex("Z")  # Raises ValueError
#print(result)
# Output: ValueError: substring not found

# Right align with spaces (default)
text = "Intensity"
result = text.rjust(20)
print(result, "Coding")
# Output: "           Intensity Coding"  (11 spaces on the left)

# Right align with a custom character "O"
text = "Intensity"
result = text.rjust(20, "O")
print(result)
# Output: "OOOOOOOOOOOIntensity"  (11 'O's on the left)

# When the length is smaller than or equal to the original string
text = "IntensityCoding"
result = text.rjust(10)
print(result)
# Output: "IntensityCoding"  (No change since it's already longer than 10)

# Right align with a symbol
text = "Coding"
result = text.rjust(15, "*")
print(result)
# Output: "*********Coding"  (9 '*' on the left)

# Search for the last occurrence of "Coding"
text = "Intensity Coding is part of Coding."
result = text.rpartition("Coding")
print(result)
# Output: ('Intensity Coding is part of ', 'Coding', '.')

# When the searched word is at the beginning
text = "Coding is essential, but Coding takes practice."
result = text.rpartition("Coding")
print(result)
# Output: ('Coding is essential, but ', 'Coding', ' takes practice.')

# If the substring is not found
text = "Intensity Coding"
result = text.rpartition("Python")
print(result)
# Output: ('', '', 'Intensity Coding')

# Using rpartition() to extract filename from a path
path = "/home/user/documents/Intensity_Coding.txt"
result = path.rpartition("/")
print(result)
# Output: ('/home/user/documents', '/', 'Intensity_Coding.txt')

# Basic rsplit() without maxsplit (same as split())
txt = "Intensity, Coding, AI"
result = txt.rsplit(", ")
print(result)
# Output: ['Intensity', 'Coding', 'AI']

# Using maxsplit = 1, splits only once from the right
txt = "Intensity, Coding, AI"
result = txt.rsplit(", ", 1)
print(result)
# Output: ['Intensity, Coding', 'AI']

# Splitting a file path to extract filename
path = "/home/user/documents/report.pdf"
result = path.rsplit("/", 1)
print(result)
# Output: ['/home/user/documents', 'report.pdf']

# Extracting domain name from an email
email = "Intensity.coding@example.com"
result = email.rsplit("@", 1)
print(result)
# Output: ['Intensity.coding', 'example.com']

# Handling multiple spaces
txt = "  Hello   World   Python  "
result = txt.rsplit()
print(result)
# Output: ['Hello', 'World', 'Python']  (default separator is whitespace)